TOOL / VERIFICATION

Visibility Calculator

Input distance and observer height. The calculator returns what the globe model predicts should be hidden behind the curve. Compare to what's actually visible — that's the test.

Calculator Notes

This tool applies the standard 8 inches per mile squared curvature formula. Result is what the globe model predicts should be hidden behind the curve at a given distance and observer height. Compare to what's actually visible.

// INPUTS

// OUTPUTS — GLOBE MODEL PREDICTION

10.65
Distance to Horizon (mi)
600
Total Curvature Drop (ft)
498
Hidden Behind Curve (ft)
66%
Of Object Hidden
Verdict

According to the globe model, 498 feet of a 1,450-foot object should be hidden behind the curve at 30 miles distance.

Real-World Test Cases

Click any of these scenarios to load it. Then check whether the prediction matches what's actually observable.

SCENARIO 01Test

Chicago Skyline

Sears Tower (1,450 ft) viewed from 30 miles across Lake Michigan, observer at 6 ft.

SCENARIO 02Test

Chicago — Far View

Same skyline, viewed from 60 miles (Warren Dunes, MI). Frequently photographed.

SCENARIO 03Test

Bedford Level

17-ft flag viewed from 6 miles across the Old Bedford River. The original 1838 experiment.

SCENARIO 04Test

Aircraft Window View

From 35,000 ft cruise altitude, looking 200 miles ahead at a 500-ft tall structure.

SCENARIO 05Test

Eiffel Tower from Le Havre

Eiffel Tower (1,063 ft) from 120 miles. Curvature should hide it entirely.

SCENARIO 06Test

Mt. Everest, 250 mi

Everest (29,032 ft) from 250 miles. Reportedly visible from northern India in clear conditions.

The Formula

Standard curvature math (Pythagorean approximation, accurate within 1% for distances under 100 miles):

Distance to horizon (mi) = 1.22 × √(observer height in feet)

Total drop (ft) = 8 × (target distance in mi)²

Hidden height = total drop − observer-horizon contribution

The "8 inches per mile squared" rule is a parabolic approximation; for very long distances (1000+ miles) a true sphere geometry deviates from this slightly. For typical observer scenarios, the approximation is accurate to within 1%.